📚 Explanation of parameters

• Population proportion:
  Represents the proportion or share of individuals in the population who have a specific characteristic and is used to estimate proportions accurately in a sample. Example: If 30% of students live in dormitories, the population proportion is 0.30.
  
  
• Absolute margin of error:
  The acceptable numerical difference between the estimated value and the true population value, expressed in the original unit of the variable. Example: If the dormitory usage rate is estimated at 30% with an absolute margin of error of 5%, the true value is likely between 25% and 35%.
  
  
• Relative margin of error:
  The acceptable relative difference between the estimated value and the true population value, expressed as a proportion of the estimated value. Example: If the average student income is $1,000 with a relative margin of error of 0.1, the true value is likely between $900 and $1,100.
  
  
• Confidence level:
  Indicates the probability that the true population value lies within the estimated interval, usually expressed as a percentage (e.g., 95%). Example: A 95% confidence level means that if we repeat the sampling many times, in 95% of cases the true value will fall within the estimated interval.
  
  
• Coefficient of variation (CV):
  A measure of the relative dispersion of data around their mean, calculated as the standard deviation divided by the mean. Example: If the average height of students is 170 cm and the standard deviation is 8, the coefficient of variation is 0.05, indicating that the data are relatively close to the mean.
  
  

📚 Related references

Books

• Chow, S.-C., Shao, J., & Wang, H. (2008). Sample size calculations in clinical research. Chapman & Hall/Crc, Cop.

• Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques. Wiley.

• Levy P. S., & Lemeshow, S. (1999). Sampling of populations: Methods and applications. Wiley.